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تسجيل

Immuno microscopy

المؤلف:  Wilson, K., Hofmann, A., Walker, J. M., & Clokie, S. (Eds.)

المصدر:  Wilson and Walkers Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

الجزء والصفحة:  8th E , P277-278

2026-05-12

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Immunofluorescence Microscopy

 Immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy uses antibodies conjugated to fluorescent markers in order to locate specific structures in specimens and allows them to be visualised by illuminating them with ultraviolet light. Very frequently used labels include fluorescein (producing green light) and rhodamine (emitting red light). Microscopes equipped for IF have dual light sources, allowing the operator to view the specimen under white light before illuminating with ultraviolet (fluorescence excitation) to look for specific fluorescence emission. The technique is particularly useful for the whole cell staining technique in bacteriology, studies of membranes and surface markers on eukaryotic cells, as well as real-time studies of migration, endocytosis and the fate of labelled receptors in living cells.

Immunosorbent Electron Microscopy

Immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) is a diagnostic technique used primarily in virology. Virus-specific antibodies conjugated to gold particles are used to visualise the virus particles. The gold is electron-dense and is seen as a dark shadow against the light background of the specimen field. The technique can be used for both trans mission or scanning systems. If gold-labelled primary antibodies are not available, anti-IgG–gold conjugated antibodies can be used, together with a primary antibody, in a double antibody system. Both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can be used for ISEM, depending on the required specificity.