Grammar
Tenses
Present
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Simple
Future
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Passive and Active
Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Countable and uncountable nouns
Verbal nouns
Singular and Plural nouns
Proper nouns
Nouns gender
Nouns definition
Concrete nouns
Abstract nouns
Common nouns
Collective nouns
Definition Of Nouns
Verbs
Stative and dynamic verbs
Finite and nonfinite verbs
To be verbs
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
Regular and irregular verbs
Action verbs
Adverbs
Relative adverbs
Interrogative adverbs
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of reason
Adverbs of quantity
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of affirmation
Adjectives
Quantitative adjective
Proper adjective
Possessive adjective
Numeral adjective
Interrogative adjective
Distributive adjective
Descriptive adjective
Demonstrative adjective
Pronouns
Subject pronoun
Relative pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun
Possessive pronoun
Personal pronoun
Interrogative pronoun
Indefinite pronoun
Emphatic pronoun
Distributive pronoun
Demonstrative pronoun
Pre Position
Preposition by function
Time preposition
Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
Contrast preposition
Agent preposition
Preposition by construction
Simple preposition
Phrase preposition
Double preposition
Compound preposition
Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunction
Correlative conjunction
Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverbs
Interjections
Express calling interjection
Grammar Rules
Preference
Requests and offers
wishes
Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
Giving advices
Possession
Comparative and superlative
Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
Apologizing
Forming questions
Since and for
Directions
Obligation
Adverbials
invitation
Articles
Imaginary condition
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
Third conditional
Reported speech
Linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Semantics
Pragmatics
Linguistics fields
Syntax
Morphology
Semantics
pragmatics
History
Writing
Grammar
Phonetics and Phonology
Semiotics
Reading Comprehension
Elementary
Intermediate
Advanced
Teaching Methods
Teaching Strategies
Suprasegmentals
المؤلف:
Ian G. Malcolm
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
666-37
2024-04-25
924
Suprasegmentals
Generally, the stress patterns of Aboriginal English are comparable to those of Australian English, except for the tendency (observed also in Kriol) to stress initial syllables, resulting in pronunciations like /'kæŋgru/ ‘kangaroo’ and /'tibi/ ‘TV’. Some Western Desert languages tend towards syllable timing, which reflects on the stress patterns of Aboriginal English speakers in these areas.
As in Australian creoles, the intonation patterns are generally compatible with those of Australian English, but the expression of prolonged or repeated action (as in Kriol) is accompanied by a rise in pitch and the repetition or lengthening of the vowel in the relevant word, as in
A rise of pitch and a slowing down of pace may occur wherever emphasis is being sought, as in, as in bi-i-iggest shark ‘very big shark’ (Eagleson, Kaldor and Malcolm 1982: 88) or We bin go wi-i-i-ight aroun ebrywhere ‘We went all around’. The high final level intonation of Aboriginal English, as in
enhances narrative effect. Unlike the high rise terminal of Australian English, it is level, not rising, and does not function as an attention holding device.
A number of scholars (Sharpe 1976: 5; Alexander 1968) have commented on the relatively high speed of Queensland Aboriginal English, particularly among children. Sharpe (1976: 5) suggests that, in this regard, Queensland Aboriginal children’s speech may contrast with that of their Alice Springs counterparts.
Aboriginal English vocal quality can vary distinctly from that of Australian English. Sharpe (1976: 4) has observed the huskiness of the pronunciation of Aboriginal children in Alice Springs at low volume, which contrasts with its penetrating quality at high volume and has attributed this to “feudalization, or tightening of the faucal pillars at the back of the mouth.”
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

الآخبار الصحية
