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Date: 23-2-2019
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Chemical Reactions from Mixing Bleach and Ammonia
Bleach and ammonia react to release toxic vapors.
Mixing bleach and ammonia is extremely dangerous, since toxic vapors will be produced. The primary toxic chemical formed by the reaction is chloramine vapor, with a potential for hydrazine formation. Here's a look at the chemical reactions involved in mixing bleach and ammonia, as well as some first aid advice if you accidentally become exposed to a bleach and ammonia mixture.
Note that each and every one of these chemicals is toxic, except for the water and salt.
The bleach decomposes to form hydrochloric acid, which reacts with ammonia to form toxic chloramine fumes: First the hydrochloric acid is formed:
NaOCl → NaOH + HOCl
HOCl → HCl + O
And then the ammonia and chlorine gas react to form chloramine, which is released as a vapor:
NaOCl + 2HCl → Cl2 + NaCl + H2O
2NH3 + Cl2 → 2NH2Cl
If ammonia is present in excess (which it may or may not be, depending on your mixture), toxic and potentially explosive liquid hydrazine may be formed. While impure hydrazine tends not to explode, it's still toxic, plus it can boil and spray hot toxic liquid.
2NH3 + NaOCl → N2H4 + NaCl + H2O
If you do accidentally become to exposed to fumes from mixing bleach and ammonia, immediately remove yourself from the vicinity to fresh air and seek emergency medical attention.
The vapors can attack your eyes and mucous membranes, but the biggest threat comes from inhaling the gases.
Reference:
http://chemistry.about.com/od/toxicchemicals/a/Mixing-Bleach-And-Ammonia.htm
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