On the surface of granulocytes and platelets, erythrocyte antigens, antigens of the HLA system and antigens of plate lets and granulocytes can be expressed. This short dissertation will focus on this third type of antigens.

Platelet immunohematology From a clinical point of view, platelet antigens are important as they are implicated in neo natal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) and posttransfusion purpura (PTP). Almost always these clinical manifestations are related to the production of an alloantibody directed against the HPA-1a antigen. Forms of autoimmune thrombocytopenia are also described, in which autoantibodies can be directed against platelet-specific antigens.

Although numerous platelet-specific antigens have been defined, for some of them the platelet-specific denomination is not fully correct, being evidenced in many other cells, especially of endothelial derivation. Of the numerous glycoproteins expressed on the platelet membrane, only some (GP Ia, GP Ibα, GP Ibβ, GP IIb, GP IIIa, and CD109) show polymorphisms that make them immunogenic.

Granulocyte immunohematology Granulocyte antigens and related allo-antibodies can be implicated in several clinical syndromes, the two most relevant being neonatal immune neutropenia (FNAIN) and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Antibodies directed to leukocyte anti gens may also be the cause of the most common complication of blood component transfusion, namely the nonhemolytic posttransfusion febrile reaction. As reported in Table 1, seven proper granulocyte antigens have been described. The HNA-1a antigen and its antithetic HNA-1b antigen are expressed on CD16 (FcγRIIIb), both have been associated with TRALI and NAIN. The HNA-2a antigen is found on CD177, and is also associated with TRALI and NAIN. Further antigens have also been described (5b or HNA-3a, MARTa or HNA-4a and ONDa or HNA-5a) which, although present on granulocytes, are also identifiable on other cells. They are therefore not granulocyte specific. In neonatal autoimmune neutropenia, auto antibodies are directed towards HNA-1a or HNA-1b antigens in more than half of cases (Tables 2 and 3).

Table1. Principal RH gene and antigens encoded

Table2. Platelet antigens

Table3. Granulocytes antigens

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يستعد لافتتاح موكب سقّاء عاشوراء في النجف الأشرف

المجمع العلميّ يُجري اختبارات نظريّة وتطبيقيّة لطلبته في قضاء الحمزة الشرقيّ

لطلبتها وملاكاتها جامعة الكفيل تواصل تنظيم الورشة التدريبية للإسعافات الأولية استعدادًا لزيارة الأربعين

مصنع الجود للمحاليل الوريدية: نحرص على إنتاج دواءٍ آمن وفعّال بأيدٍ وطنيّة دعمًا للقطّاع الصحي العراقي

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

"شعور لا مفر منه" في الحياة يهدد حياة الملايين بالموت المبكر!

أعراض للخرف قد تظهر في المشي.. كيف نكتشفها؟

ماذا يحدث لسكر الدم عند شرب القهوة؟

سرطان القلب.. لماذا يعد من أندر أنواع السرطانات؟

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

صهر أردوغان يطلق منصة تواصل جديدة.. تنافس فيسبوك ؟!

غوغل تطلق "مرشد الويب" لتنظيم نتائج البحث بالذكاء الاصطناعي

بعد 20 عاما.. رصد أصغر أفعى في العالم مجددا في بربادوس !

ذكر أم أنثى؟.. دراسة تنسف الاعتقاد الشائع حول جنس المولود

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

Partial thromboplastin time, activated (APTT, Partial thromboplastin time [PTT])

parathyroid scan (Parathyroid scintigraphy)

parathyroid hormone (PTH, Parathormone)

Paracentesis (Peritoneal fluid analysis, Ascitic fluid cytology, Peritoneal tap)

Clinical Immunology Laboratory (Diagnostic Testing)

Determination of Type D and Rh Phenotype

Determination of the ABO Group

pancreatobiliary fish testing

pancreatic enzymes (Pancreatic secretory test, Amylase, Lipase, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin)

pancreatic elastase (PE, EL1, Elastase-1, Fecal Elastase)

Trends in Immunoassay Automation

Flow Cell Cytometry