4:59:39 
2023-06-01 
99
Dr. Anastasia Trapani, an otolaryngologist, reveals the causes of hearing loss.
In an interview with the "Izvestia" newspaper, the specialist indicated that the causes of hearing loss are many and different. For example, in children, this problem appears due to polyps, and in adults due to cold diseases.
She says: “The cause of hearing impairment in children is often due to adenoids, as their enlargement leads to recurrent exudative otitis media with hearing impairment. In adults with a cold and severe congestion in the nasal cavity, a feeling of congestion appears in the ears, and a decrease in the level of hearing. This is due to the connection of the ear cavity with the nasal cavity through the eustachian tube.
According to her, prevention of hearing loss should start from childhood. The main rule for parents is to see an otolaryngologist in a timely manner, to examine the nasopharynx and prescribe appropriate treatment for otitis media to preserve their child's hearing. As for adults, they should not listen to loud music and vibration, avoid pressure fluctuations, and do not use cotton swabs to clean their ears. And when they feel hearing impairment, pain, or the appearance of secretions in the ear canal, they should immediately see a specialist doctor.
The specialist points out that prolonged use of headphones and listening to loud music leads to the consumption of the audio analyzer due to the insufficient amount of air reaching the ear, which results in poor self-cleaning of the ear and high humidity that negatively affects microbial reproduction.
She says: “This causes itching in the ears and accumulation of wax in the form of clots, which the person often tries to remove by himself. As a result, it pushes the wax masses deeper, which leads to the formation of plugs, or mechanically damages the skin of the external auditory canal, which causes otitis media.” External".
According to her, various diseases may cause hearing impairment. But there are two distinct mechanisms - vocal conduction disorder and sound perception disorder. The first mechanism is associated with various diseases affecting the structures of the middle ear (otitis media, otosclerosis). The second - in the presence of a disorder at the level of nervous structures, such as the inner ear, the auditory nerve and the region of the same name in the cerebral cortex. One of these diseases, for example, sensorineural hearing loss.
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