Al-Sheikh Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi defined fear as an emotional pain that occurs because of anticipating something bad or expecting something good to go away. Therefor the fear of Allah (swt) is an emotional pain that occurs because of anticipating the punishment or expectation of losing out in the rewards of Allah for the sins and wicked actions that the person committed or desires to commit.
One of the many characteristics indorsed and sought after by Islam for Muslims to have, as available in the holy Quran and sayings the prophet's progeny (peace be upon them) is the fear of Allah (swt). As it can be seen in the verse “But as for he who feared the position of his Lord and prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination, then indeed, Paradise will be [his] refuge.” Allah (swt) is praising those who feared him and acted according to that fear that they will enter heaven. In another verse, Allah (swt) states, “So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers” and asserts that a true believer fears Allah (swt). The prophet's progeny (peace be upon them) were known for their fear of Allah (swt) and they ordered their followers to have this fear as well. Imam Al-Sadiq (peace br upon him) stated, “Fear Allah (swt) as if you see him, and if you cannot see him he can see you. If you believe he cannot see you then you are a disbeliever”. If you believed that he can see you and yet showed yourself sinning before him then you have made him the least important witness.” He also stated, “The believer is between two fears: a past sin that he does not know how Allah (swt) dealt with and a life span in which he does not know what wicked action he might commit. He therefore remains in fear and nothing is better for him than fear.”
An important fact that one should take into consideration is that there has to be balance in fear, not too much to the point where it reaches to despair, nor should it be too little so that it reaches to neglecting Allah (swt) and his plans.
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